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Arbain Nawawi or Al-Arba'in An-Nawawiyah (Arabic: الأربعون النووية) is a book that contains forty-two hadith choices compiled by Imam Nawawi [1]. Arba'in means forty but actually there are forty-two hadith contained in this book. This book along with the book Riyadhus Shalihin is considered the work of Imam Nawawi, the most famous and accepted by Muslims throughout the world. This book is a favorite among santri to start memorizing the hadiths of the Prophet before turning to the larger books.

It is customary for scholars to make a collection book or summary of a religious problem. So that actually Imam Nawawi was not the first and also not the only one who made the Arbain book. But it is his Arbain book which is widely known and fragrant to this day, leaving other books of Arbain compiled by other scholars. Among the books of Arbain are the priests such as Al-Ajurri, Al-Baihaqi, Ash-Shabuni, Al-Hakim, Ad-Daruquthni, Athabari, As-Suyuthi, Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani and besides those who number up to dozens of Arbain books. So as to distinguish from the other books of Arbain, it is called the name Al-Arba'in An-Nawawiyah (Book of Arbain belonging to Imam An-Nawawi).

The basis of this book is the book "Al-Ahadits Al-Kulliyah" dictated by Imam Al-Hafizh Abu Amr bin Ash-Shalah, which is a collection of 26 solid and concise hadiths. Then Imam Nawawi fulfilled it into 42 hadith and named it Al-Arba'in.

Imam Nawawi really chose the hadith which became the foundation of the Islamic religion in compiling his Arba'in book. Among the 42 hadiths which are the most core are, the first Hadith: Hadith Intention, that the practice depends on the intention; 2nd Hadith: Jibril Hadith which contains the Pillars of Islam, Pillars of Faith and Pillars of Ihsan; 6th Hadith: About Halal, Haram, and Syubhat; and 9th Hadith: Work on orders according to ability.

There are several reasons that show the importance of the position of the An-Nawawiyah al-arba'in book:

It covers most of the affairs and needs of Muslims in the world and in the hereafter both from aqeedah, law, sharia, muamalah and akhlaq.
It is a collection of selected prophetic hadiths, and is a kalim jawami'ul which has priority in a brief and concise discussion.
The hadiths are one unit which is the scope of Islamic teachings, both half, or one-third or a quarter [4].
Widely used by scholars to teach Muslims to become the main support in providing an understanding of Islamic teachings so that some scholars concentrate on these traditions and then give them more detail.

This book is among the books that are very popular and well received throughout Muslims. Not only in Indonesia or countries with majority Shafi'i schools but throughout the world, both among santri are also among the laity. This book was chosen and widely discussed by the scholars and became a reference in spreading the teachings of Islam to the Muslims relating to aqidah, worship, muamalah and sharia, because of its concise but basic nature.

Hopefully we will become a charity of all people, especially for the compilers of the book (Imam Nawawi) and translators.

aamiin robbal a'lamin

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