Frases de Nelson Mandela on Windows Pc

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela1 (IPA: [roli'ɬaɬa]) (Mvezo, South African Union; July 18, 1918-Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; December 5, 2013) was a lawyer, apartheid activist, politician and South African philanthropist who presided over his country from 1994 to 1999. He was the first black president who headed the Executive Power, and the first to be elected by universal suffrage in his country. His government dedicated itself to dismantling the social and political structure inherited from apartheid through the fight against institutionalized racism, poverty and social inequality, and the promotion of social reconciliation. As an African and Marxist nationalist, he presided over the African National Congress (ANC) between 1991 and 1997, and at the international level he was general secretary of the Non-Aligned Movement between 1998 and 2002.

Originally from the Xhosa people and part of the royal house tembu, Mandela studied Law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand. When he resided in Johannesburg, he became involved in anticolonialist politics, so he joined the ranks of the African National Congress, and then founded his Youth League. After the coming to power of the National Party in 1948, he gained prominence during the Challenge Campaign of 1952 and was elected regional president of the African National Congress in the province of Transvaal. He chaired the Popular Congress of 1955. In his practice as a lawyer, he was arrested several times for seditious activities and, as part of the board of the ANC, was prosecuted in the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly entered to the South African Communist Party (SACP) and was part of its central committee. Although he was in favor of non-violent protests, in association with the SACP he founded and commanded the guerrilla organization / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) or "The Spear of the Nation" in 1961.2 In 1962 he was arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government, for which he was sentenced to life imprisonment during the Rivonia Process.

He was imprisoned for 27 years, first on Robben Island and then in Pollsmoor and Victor Verster prisons. International campaigns advocated his release, and he was released in 1990 amid a social upheaval in South Africa. He intervened in political negotiations with Frederik de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish the general elections of 1994, in which he led the ANC to triumph at the polls.

During his Government of National Unity he invited other political parties to join his cabinet, and a new constitution was also promulgated. He created the commission for truth and reconciliation to investigate human rights violations committed in the apartheid years. Although it gave continuity to the liberal policies of previous governments, in its administration measures were implemented for land reform, the fight against poverty and the expansion of health services. On an international scale, he was a mediator between the governments of Libya and the United Kingdom in the trial for the attack on Pan Am Flight 103, and verified military intervention in Lesotho. He declined to run for a second period of government, and was succeeded by Thabo Mbeki. After retiring from politics, he dedicated himself to charities and the fight against the AIDS pandemic through the Mandela Foundation.

Frases de Nelson Mandela